Combined road roller and grader



@ April 18, 1939. E. v. BILES 2,154,72 0

COMBINED ROAD ROLLER AND GRADER Filed April 225, 1955 4 Sheets-Sheet l69 I 5 G o W J7, I I J; 6'0 61? 3 35 5:? 33 5'0 INVENTOR ATTORNEY E. V.BILES April 18, 1939.

COMBINED ROAD ROLLER AND GRADER Filed April 29, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 2ATTORNEY April 18; 1939. w 2,154,720

COMBINED ROAD ROLLER AND GRADER Filed April 29, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 avia ya/ wzzes BY ATTORNEY E. V. BILES April 18, 1939.

COMBINED ROAD ROLLER AND GBADER Filed April 29, 1935 4 Sheets-Sheet 4awz am ll ATTORNEY o iz fyaflf zza Patented Apr. 18, 1939 UNITED STATESPATENT OFFIQE' 2,154,720 COMBINED ROAD ROLLER. AND GRADER.

Edgar V. Biles, San Antonio, Tex, assignor to Carl H. Graham,San'Antonio, Tex.

iiipplicationApril 29, 1935, Serial No. 18,897

19 Claims.

- The invention reiatesto a road working machine and more especially toa combined road roller and grader.

The primary object of the invention is the provision oi. a machine ofthis character, wherein the same is self-propelled when active for thegrading or rolling of a roadbed or wheninactive for these purposes andunder transportation from one locality to another, the machine in itsentirety being of novel construction and requiring'miniinto the machineand the driven connection being differential action so that the machinecan be readily turned and the road rollers can be-readily altered as toweight, according to the requirements of road conditions.

A further object of the invention is the provision of a machine of thischaracter, wherein the rubber or other tired traction wheels can bebrought into position for transportation. purposes when the road rollershave been elevated and inactive for road working, for convenience in thetravel of the machine from one locality to another with rapidity, sothat delay will be avoided as otherwise would occur should it berequired to transport the machine other than by its own power; i

A still further object of the invention is the provision of a machine ofthis character, wherein 3 the same is arranged and equipped forsatisfying road working under varying conditions, as the machine willfunction for the grading of the road and the rolling of its bed and issusceptible of .'control by a single operator.

A still further object of theinvention is the provision of a machine ofthis character which Y is comparatively simple in its make-up,thoroughly reliable and eflicient' in its purposes strong, durable, andinexpensive to manufacture. 45 With these and other objects in view, theinvention consists in the features of construction, combination andarrangement of parts as. will be hereinaftermore fully described indetail, illus-' I trated in the accompanying drawings, which disclosethe preferred embodiment of the invention, and pointed out in the claimshereunto appended.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 is a top plan view of the machineconstructed in accordance with the invention.

55 v Figure 2 is a side elevation thereof, the ma- ,Figure 7.

chine being converted for transportation purposes, with the gradingmeans and the road rollers inactive.

Figure 3 is a. view similar to Figure 2 showing the machine convertedfor activity of the grading means and road rollers and modifiedtooperate as a three roller machine. Figure 4 is a'sectional view on theline 4-4 of Figure 3 looking in the direction of the arrows and havingthe rear rollers in the position shown in Figure 2. Figure" 5 is afragmentary sectional view on the lirie 5-5of Figure 2 looking in thedirection of the arrows.

- Figure 6 is a fragmentary perspective view on an enlarged scaleshowing the rear end portion of the chassis and adjuncts.

Figure 7 is a fragmentary sectional view on the line 1-1 of Figure 1.

Figure 8 is a sectional view on the line 88 of Figure 9 is a fragmentarysectional view on'the line 99 of Figure 4 looking in the direction ofthe arrows.

Figure 10 is a transverse sectional view through the braking mechanism.

Figure 11 is a sectional view on the line ll-ll of Figure 10.

Figure '12 is a fragmentary top plan view of I the braking mechanism atone side of the machine.

' Figure 13 is a sectional view on the line l3-l3 of Figure 14 lookingin the direction of the arrows. Figure 14 is a' sectional view on theline l 4--.I4

-of Figure 13 looking in the direction of the arrows.

Figure 15 is a sectional View on the line I5-i5 of Figure 14 looking inthe direction of the arrows.

Figure 16 is a vertical transverse sectional view through the modifiedform of rear roller of the machine; 1

Figure 17 is an elevation looking toward the tread thereof. p v

Figure 18 is a side elevation.

Figure 19 is a fragmentary enlarged sectional view thereof at the pointof a fastener.

Figure 20 is a front elevation of the front wheel of the machine showinga modification constituting a front roller.

Figure 21 is a fragmentary vertical sectional view showing a sideelevation of the structure in Figure 2 0.

Figure 22 is thereof. I

Figure 23 is an elevation looking toward the inner sideof one section ofthe roller.

a vertical transverse sectional view Figure 24 is a side view thereof.

Similar reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout theseveral views in the drawings.

Referring to the drawings in detail, the machine comprises a main frameor chassis A including the side beams or sills 10, these being forwardlytapered at their front portions, while located at the forward end of thechassis or frame is the single front steering wheel 1 I, journaled in aturning fork i2 having a gear wheel sector 13 at its upper end meshing.with a pinion I 4 operated by a steeringv shaft 15 including theuniversal knuckles l6 and carrying a-hand wheel 11 which is locatedconveniently for reach by an operator when occupying the seat I6; Thisseat It is carried upon a fuel supply tank i9 suitably built in thechassis or frame. The steering shaft 15 is suitably supported upon ahood 20 increasing the motor (not shown) of the internal combustionengine type. The motor has a suitable mount within the chassis or frameA and the hood 2!! is carried in a conventional manner.

Located near the rear end of the chassis or frame A. transverselythereof and suitably supported, is a driven shaft or axle 21 on whichare arranged the companion road rollers 22, in pair,

. and this shaft. ,2! at one end is reduced, at 23,

for the loose fitting of a bushing 24 thereon Keyed to the bushing 24and to the shaft 21 at the outer sides of the rollers 22 are the hubs 25of sprocket wheels 26 having trained thereover the endless sprocketchains 21, these being trained over sprocket gears 28 operated andcontrolled through a conventional type of gear shift automotivetransmission, clutch and differential between the same and the motor,the gear shift lever being indicated at 29 and the clutch pedal at 36,respectively. Cooperating with these gears 26 is a suitable brakingmechanism 3| operated from the hand controls 32. Thus it will be seenthat power from the motor will be transferred to the shaft 21'.

- At the rear end of the chassis or frame A are arranged laterallyswinging hangers 33 carried by pivots 34 in suitable bearings 35 formedin the side beams or sills l0, these hangers 33 being inclined, and attheir outer ends support singular or dual pneumatic or solid rubber-orother tired traction wheels 36, the angular disposition of the hangers33 being to permit the said wheels 36 to be raised to the proper extentwhen swung out of contact with the ground or a road surface, for apurpose presently described. Normally the wheels 36 contact with theground for mobility of the machine, especially for convenienttransportation thereof under its own power, as hereinafter set forth.

The side sills or beams 10 of the chassis or frame A have formed intheirv outer faces the angularly disposed channels or grooves 31, thesein keepers 36 on the hangers 33, and such bolts I function to lock thesaid hangers in the grooves or channels 31 to sustain thewheels 36 insupporting position when contacting with the ground or road surface.

On the hubs of the wheels 36 at their inner sides are gears 40', thesebeing adapted for meshing engagement with idle gears 4| suitablyjournaled on the chassis or frame l0 and at all times in mesh with gears42 fixed to the bushing 24 and shaft 2|, respectively, the gears 42being held secure by nuts 43. Thus it will be seen that when the wheels36 are thrown to engage the ground or road surface the gears 40 willenmesh with the gears 4|, these being in meshing engagement with thegears 42 power can be trans mitted fromthe motor to the said wheels 36for the mobility of the machine.

Formed in the. hubs 25 of the sprocket wheels 26 are latching notches orrecesses 44, while carried at the outer sides of the rollers 22 arelatching bolts 45, these being slidable through guides 46 and havingtheir stems 41 carrying coiled springs 48 which act upon the bolts tothrow the same to locking position, while pivoted to the upper ends'ofthe stems 41 are camroadbed, the bolts 45 will have been thrown tolocking position with the hubs 25, so that such rollers will bepositively driven under power from the motor of the machine and when therollers 22 are in contact with the ground or roadbed, the wheels 36 willhave been raised out of contact with said ground or roadbed.

Arranged forwardly of the rollers 22 is a scraping or grading'blade 50,the same being swingingly adjusted and raised and lowered in anydesirable manner and its purpose is to scrape or grade a roadbed orground, this operation being effective either when the traction wheels'36 are raised out of contact with the ground or roadbed and the rollers22 in contact therewith, or when the wheels 36 are in contact with theground.

Provided in the outer sides of the rollers 22 are suitable openings 5|covered by removable closure plates 52 and the purpose of these openingsis to vary the ballast of the rollers to increase or decrease the weightthereof according to the requirements of. road conditions during therolling operation of the machine;

Assuming that the rollers 22 are in contact with the'ground or roadsurface for action thereon and it is desired to execute road work at aremote location, 'it becomes necessary to use checks or tapered skids 53which are placed at rest upon the ground orroadbed rearwardly orforwardly of the rollers 22 so that on the movement of the machine thesaid rollers 22 will ride onto these chocks or tapered skids 53, therebyelevating the rear end of the chassis at the required height to bringthe wheels 36 into traction position, the said wheels being locked inthis position by the latching bolts 38 which engage the keepers 39 onthe hangers-33, and on the advancement of the machine under its ownpower, the rollers 22 will be maintained passive and the same, with thegrader 5D, transported to the desired locality. On arriving at theworking 10- cality the locking bolts 45 are engaged with the notches orrecesses 44. Otherwise. traction of or tapered skids 53 are placed inposition so that the rollers will travel onto the same and thus holdingthe" chassis elevated at the rear portion to permit the wheels 36 to bethrown out of contact or traction position with respect to the ground orroadbed, as is clearly shown in Figure 3 of the drawings, whereupon themachine is ready for road working, the traction position of the wheelsbeing clearly shown in Figure 2 of the drawings.

The differential connections between the motor, rollers 22 and thewheels 36 will permit the machine to turn, as will be apparent. It is,of course, understood that when the rollers are in contacting relationwith the ground or roadbed the bolts 45 will look the same with the hubs25 of thesprocket wheels 26, so that power direct from the motor will betransmitted to said rollers.

At the rear end of the 'chassis or frame A is a support 54 for a watertank 55 having the discharge spray device 56 for directing water ontothe outer contacting surfaces of the rollers 22 to prevent the stickingof road building materials thereto during the' rolling operation of themachine.

With reference to Figures 3, 4, 16 to 24, inclusive, there is discloseda modified arrangement for roller action of the machine, and wherein thefront steering wheel H has attached thereto two half cylinder sections51, these being mates to encircle the said wheel H and are separablyjoined with each other through inner angle cleats 58 fixedly attached atthe abutting ends of said sections 51 and receive fasteners 59. Thesesections are formed with radial spokes 60 which are detachably bolted at6| to the central portion of thewheel' ll about the hub thereof and inthis fashion the wheel H is converted into a front road roller, theturning fork 62 being sized for ac-' commodating the front road roller.

Each roller 22 at the rear of the machine has fitted therewithdetachable shoes 63, these in group mate each other and are disposedperipherally about said roller, they having countersunk holes 64 forscrews 65 to engage in countersunk holes 66 in the roller 22 and in thisfashion the shoes are worn by the roller and such shoes are arranged atthe outermost edge side of such roller so that there will be a gapbetween the shoes worn by both rollers 22 of a less width than the widthof the front road roller and thus the machine is converted into a threeroller machine with the rear rollers tracking at opposite sides of thefront roller and the rearlshoes operating with the rollers 22 in view ofthe spacing of the shoes will eliminate the print of the frontroadroller on the surface of the road during theworking of the machine.

When the shoes 63 are detached the fasteners 65 are counterseated in theholes 66 in each roller. so that the outer surface of the latter will besmooth and the countersunk holes 66 therein closed; When the fasteners65 are engaged in the shoes 64 the outer surface of the shoes will besmooth. It is required with road building equipment to employ a tandemroller machine and a three roller machine, the tandem rollermachinebeing usable for finishing work while the three roller machine isfor base work. Therefore, the machine herein front steering wheel lingsaid "steering wheel,

, ment.

described is usable as a tandem roller or three roller machine.

When the shoes 63 are worn by the rear rollers 22 the said shoes onlymake contact with the ground or road surface and in the. use of thethree roller machine a more uniform compaction of the road surface maybe secured than by the use of the tandem roller machine.

What is claimed is:

1. In a machine of the character described, a frame having road rollerequipment, a power unit carried by the frame and having drivenconnections with said roller equipment, rear wheels swingingly connectedwith the frame and movable to and away from a road surface and whenengaged with said road surface elevating the roller equipment fromcontact therewith, and driven connections between the power unit andsaid wheels.

'2. In a machine of the character described, a frame having road rollerequipment, a power unit carried by the frame and having drivenconnections with said roller equipment, rear wheels swingingly connectedwith the frame and movable to and away from a road surface and whenengaged'with said road surface elevating the roller equipment fromcontact therewith, driven connections between the power unit and saidwheels, and means for releasing the roller equipment from connectionswith the power unit when said roller equipment is elevated.

3. In a machine of the character described, a frame having road rollerequipment, a power unit carried by the frame and having driven connections with said roller equipment, rear wheels swingingly connected withthe frame and movable to and away from a road surface and when engagedwith said road surface elevating the roller equipment from contacttherewith, driven con nections between the power unit and said wheels,means for releasing the roller equipment from connections with the powerunit when said roller equipment is elevated, a front steering wheelmounted in the frame, and hand operated steering mechanism forcontrolling said steering wheel.

4. In a machine of the character described, a frame having road rollerequipment, a power unit carried by the frameand having drivenconnectionswith said roller equipment, rear wheels swingingly connectedwith the frame and movable to and away from a road surface and whenengaged with said road surface elevating the roller equipment fromcontact therewith, driven connections between the power unit and saidwheels, means for releasing the roller equipment from connections withthe power unit when-said roller equipment is elevated, a

hand operated steering mechanism for controland a road grader arrangedin the frame fore of said rollerequip- 5. In a machine of the characterdescribed, a frame having road roller equipment, a power unit carried bythe frame and having driven connections with said roller equipment, rearwheels swingingly connected with the frame and movable to and away froma road surface and when engaged with said road surface elevating theroller equipment from contact therewith,

driven connections between the power unit and said wheels, means forreleasing the rollerfrom connections with the power unit when saidroller equipment is elevated, a front steering wheel mounted in theframe,

mounted in the frame, hand operated steering the roller equipment fromcontact therewith. '-driven connections between the power unit and saidwheels, means for releasing the roller from connections with the powerunit when said roll'- er equipment is elevated, a front steering wheelmounted'in the frame, hand operated steering mechanism for controllingsaid steering wheel, a road grader arranged in the frame fore of saidroller equipment, means releasably latching the rear wheels in tractionposition, and a differential included in the connections between the.power unit and said wheels.

7. In a machine of the character described, a frame having road rollerequipment, a DOwer unit carried by the, frame and having drivenconnections with said roller equipment, rear wheels swingingly connectedwith the frame and movable to and away from a road surface and whenengaged with said road surface elevating the roller equipment fromcontact therewith, driven connections between the power unit and saidwheels, means for releasing the roller from connections with the powerunit when said roller equipment is elevated, a front steering wheelmounted in the frame, hand operated steering mechanism for controllingsaid steering wheel, a road grader arranged in the frame fore of saidroller equipment, means releasably latching-the rear wheels in tractionposition, and a differential included in the connections between the.power unit and said wheels, the said roller equipment being formed inseveral sections.

8.- In a machine'of the character described, a frame having road rollerequipment, a power unit carried by the frame and having drivenconnections with said roller equipment, rear wheels swingingly connectedwith the frame and movable to and away'from a road surface and whenengaged with said road surface elevating the roller equipment fromcontact therewith, driven connections between the powervunit and saidwheels, means for releasing the roller from con nections with the power.unit when said roller equipment is elevated, a front steering wheelmounted in the frame, hand operated steering mechanism for. controllingsaid steering wheel, a road grader arranged in the frame fore of saidroller equipment, means 'releasablyxlatching the rearwheels intractionposition, a differential included in the connections between thepower unit and-said wheels, the said rollerequipment being formed inseveral sections, and hand controlled independent braking mechanismscooperative with said connections between the wheels, roller equipmentand the power unit.

9. In a machine of the character described, a frame, road roller meansjournalled therein and presenting a substantially continuous rollingsurface from one end to the other. thereof, removable shoes fitted tosaid road roller means and forming axially spaced circumferential topresent a plurality of axially spaced rolling .surfaces, whereby roadroller means may be employed. selectively as a single continuous rollingmeans or as a plurality of axially spaced rolling means.

10. m a machine of the character described,

aframe, rear road roller means journalled therein and presenting asubstantially continuous rolling surface from one end to the otherthereof, a front steering wheel on said frame, removable shoes fittedwith the rear road roller means and arranged in axially spacedcircumferential bands to cause said rear road roller means to present aplurality of axially spaced rolling surfaces, roller sections removablyfitted with the front wheel, the so-formed rolling surfaces on the rearroller means tracking the opposite sides of the roller sections carriedby the front wheel, a power unit carried by the frame and having drivenconnections with the rear roller means, rear wheels swingingly connectedwith the frame and movable to and away from a road surface. and whenengaged with means to present a'plurality of axially spaced rollingsurfaces, roller sections removably fitted withathe front wheel, theso-formed rolling surfaces on the rear roller means tracking theopposite sides of the roller sections carried by the front wheel a powerunit carried by the, frame, and having driven connections with the arear roller means, rear wheels swingingly connected with the frame andmovable to and away from a road surface, and when engaged with said roadsurface elevating the rear roller means from contact therewith, drivenconnections between the power unit-and'said wheels, and means forreleasingthe 'rear roller'means from connections. with the power unitwhen said rear roller means is elevated.

12. In a machine of the character described, a frame, rear road rollermeans Journalled therein, and presenting a substantially continuousrolling surface from one end to the other thereof, a front steeringwheel on said frame, removable shoes fitted with the rear road rollermeans and arranged in axially spaced circumferential bands to cause saidrear road roller means to present a plurality of axially spaced rollingsurfaces, roll,- er sections removably fitted with the front wheel, theso-formed rolling surface on the rear roller means tracking the oppositesides of the roller sections carried by the front wheel, a power unitcarried bythe frame and having driven connections with the rear rollermeans, rear wheels swingingly connected with the frame and movable toand away from a road surface, and when; engaged with said road surfaceelevating the rear roller means from contact therewith, means forreleasing the rear roller means from connections with the power unitwhen said rear roller meansis elevated and means releasably latching therear wheels in traction position.

13. In a machine of .the character described, a

- frame having road roller equipment, a power unit nected with the frameand movable to and away from a road surface and when engaged with saidroad surface elevating the roller equipment from contact therewith, andmeans operatively connecting said power unit selectively to said wheelsand to said roller vequipment.

14. In a machine of the character described, a frame, a rollerjournalled therein, an arm swingingly mounted on said frame on anon-vertical axis, a wheel mounted on said arm at a position remote fromsaid axis and adapted when said arm is swung downwardly to support saidframe and roller, and means for latching said arm in its down position.

15. In a machine of the character described, a frame, a rollerjournalled therein, arms swingingly mounted on said frame onnon-vertical axes adjacent the opposite ends of said roller, wheelsmounted on said arms, respectively, and so positioned thereon that whensaid arms are in their down position said wheels will support said frameand roller, and means for latching said arms in their down position.

16. In the machine of the character described, a frame, a rollerjournalled therein, arms swingingly mounted on said frame onnon-vertical axes adjacent the opposite ends of said roller, wheelsmounted on said arms, respectively, and so positioned thereon that whensaid arms are in their down position said wheels will support said frameand roller, means for latching said arms in their down position, saidarms and wheels being so arranged with respect to said roller that whensaid arms are swung to their up position-said wheels will overlie thepathv of said roller, and means for latching said arms in their upposition.

1'7. In a machine of the character described. a frame, a road rollerjournalied in said frame, wheels swingingly connected with the frame andmovable to and away from a road surface, said wheels when not in contactwith a road surface being movable to a position overlying'the path ofsaid roller.

18. In a machine of the character described, a frame, a road rollerjournalled in said frame, wheels connected with the frame and movable toand away from a road surface, said wheels when not in contact with aroad surface being movable to a position overlying the path of saidroller.

19. In a machine of the character described, a frame, a road rollerjournalled in said frame, wheels swingingly connected with the frame forswinging movement downwardlyand forwardly into contact with a roadsurface and upwardly and rearwardly away from such road surface, saidwheels when in their upward and rearward position occupying a positionoverlying the path of said roller.

EDGAR V. BILES.

